• 1. copy file
• 2. copy directory
• 3. remove directory
• 4. move file or directory

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1. copy file

import shutil

shutil.copy(src, dst)
shutil.copy2(src, dst)

# dst is directory
filename = shutil.copy('./f/g/.gitignore', './f')       # './f\\.gitignore'
# dst is file
filename = shutil.copy('./f/g/.gitignore', './f/.g')    # './f/.g'

Copies the file src to the file or directory dst

• If dst specifies a directory, the file will be copied into dst using the base filename from src.
• If dst specifies a file that already exists, it will be replaced.
• Returns the path to the newly created file.

copy() copies the file data and the file’s permission mode. Other metadata, like the file’s creation and modification times, is not preserved. To preserve all file metadata from the original, use copy2() instead.

2. copy directory

shutil.copytree(src, dst)
shutil.copytree(src, dst, ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns('*.pyc', 'tmp*'))
shutil.copytree(src, dst, dirs_exist_ok=True)


directoryName = shutil.copytree('./f/g', './aaa')   # './aaa'
directoryName = shutil.copytree('./f/g', './aaa', dirs_exist_ok=True)   # './aaa'

将 src 文件夹里面的内容复制到 dst文件夹里面。

• 如果 dst文件夹不存在，那么就会创建一个 dst 文件夹
• 如果 dst文件夹已存在。 If dirs_exist_ok is false (the default) and dst already exists, a FileExistsError is raised. If dirs_exist_ok is true, the copying operation will continue if it encounters existing directories, and files within the dst tree will be overwritten by corresponding files from the src tree.

3. remove directory

将这个文件夹及其内容删除

shutil.rmtree(directory)    # 如果没有，则FileNotFoundError

shutil.rmtree(file)    # 不能删除文件， `NotADirectoryError`

shutil.rmtree(directory, ignore_errors=True)

4. move file or directory

src是文件自然不用说。

如果 dst 文件夹存在，将 src文件夹及其内容搬进dst中。

如果 dst 文件夹不存在，将 src文件夹及其内容搬进dst所在父目录处，并重命名为dst。

# src -> dst

shutil.move(src, dst)

shutil.move('./f/g', './aaa')